Final Quiz: Core Modules – The Data Analyst Toolkit

If a 2-dimensional array called array1 consists of 4 values in the first row: 35, 42, 5, 109 and 4 values in the second row: 56, 89, 6, 1. What is the code to access the value 1?

array1[1][3]
array1[2][4]
array1[1] = 1
Creates a new table

John needs to declare a list to keep employee’s ages. Assume he creates a list called age. What is the best list data type for this exercise?

integer
boolean
float
string

What are the benefits of a list?

Confusing people.
make it harder to work with variable matrix but easier for memory performance
avoid confusion, sort different values, keep track of related values, memory performance
FILTER BY

What data type seems best to store addresses in a list, which are comprised of letters, numbers and symbols?

integer
boolean
a combination of strings, integers and floats to accommodate for the street number (integer) and street name (text).
string

The primary purpose of an operating system is:

To keep systems programmers employed
To make computers easier to use
To allow people to use the computer
To make the most efficient use of computer hardware

Within the operating system, which is the first program run on a computer when the computer boots up?

Operating system files
The OS Kernel
The scheduler

Function of system software is to serve as the _________ between the user, the application software, and the computer’s hardware

application
server
interface

The user interface for more experienced users such is called the ________, whereas the user interface used by beginners because they are more user friendly is called a ______

GUI, CLI
CLI, GUI
BOYB, GUI

The following is not a function of an operating system:

Checking for viruses
Directing information from peripheral devices like a mouse or a printer
Allocating the computer's memory between different tasks.
Allowing users to open applications

A user interface made up of a command prompt is called:

Command User Interface
Graphical user interface
Command Line Interface

What are the 3 algorithm components?

input, output, process
input/output, decision, terminator
sequence, selection, repetition

What is the difference between a flowchart and code?

A flowchart is a diagrammatic description of an algorithm whilst code is a textual description of an algorithm
A flowchart is textual but code is diagrammatic
they are the same thing

Which of the following is NOT one of the jobs of RAM?

Storing the operating system and software applications.
Storing data that is currently being used by the CPU.
Providing fast and temporary data storage for active tasks.
Storing permanent data even when the computer is powered off.

Which of these is NOT a good reason to use functions?

Reusability: Functions allow you to write a piece of code once and reuse it multiple times
Modularity: Functions help break down complex tasks into smaller, manageable pieces
Code duplication: Functions help eliminate redundancy by centralizing common code
Decreasing program efficiency: Functions can help improve code organization and readability.

What is the purpose of adding comments to your code?

To teach the computer new commands
to make your code more comprehensible to humans
To make your code run faster
There is no purpose to adding comments

It’s a good idea to use a for loop when you need to __________

repeat a step or series of steps a specific number of times
check whether a task is complete
teach the computer a new trick

Which of the following is not a descriptive statistic?

In 2011, 91% of workplace fatalities happened to men.
Consumers spent $1.2 billion on smartphones last year.
The average median income of a 25 year old American male is $22,000 per annum.
Smoking increases your chance of dying of lung cancer by 37%.

Daily rainfall is an example of what sort of data

Discrete
Continuous
Binomial
Serializer

The number of times that a cyclist rides over 45 km each day is what sort of data?

Discrete data
Continuous data
Binomial data
Serializer

You are interested in how stress affects heart rate in humans. Your dependent variable would be the __________.

Interest
Heart rate
stress

In descriptive statistics our main objective is to ______________

Describe the population
Describe the data we collected
Infer something about the population
Compute an average

What is the purpose of an inferential statistical test?

To see if your results are accurate
To check the probability of your results applying to the wider population
To make sure you have not made a mistake in your data collection

A psychology student has conducted a statistical test on his data. The results show that the p-value is less than the critical alpha value. What should this student do?

Accept the null hypothesis and reject the experimental hypothesis
Reject the null hypothesis and accept the experimental hypothesis
Re-write the hypothesis

Which of the following is a null hypothesis?

There will be a difference between the length of time taken to complete a test online and the time taken to complete a test on paper.
Tests completed online will be completed faster than tests completed on paper.
There will be no difference between the length of time taken to complete tests online and tests completed on paper, and if there is it is due to chance.

What is an appropriate graphical summary of the distribution of a categorical variable?

Bar graph
Boxplot
Scatterplot
Histogram

Identify the outlier for the given data? 23, 34, 27, 7, 30, 26, 28, 31, 34

23
7
150
None

The goal of optimization methods is to reduce the _________ or the ________ in the data.

Error, noise
error, integrals
error, line of best fit
line of best fit, error

It is better to use gradient descent when ____________.

there are lots of independent variables (hundreds)
we want to solve complex problems.
we want to be more computationally efficient
All of the above

The _______ theorem states that if you have a population with mean M and standard deviation SD and take sufficiently large random samples from the population, then the distribution of the sample means will be approximately normally distributed

Baye’s
law of large numbers
central limit
Pareto

The Least Squares Method is trying to minimize the sum of the squares of the difference between an observed value and the fitted value provided by a model, otherwise known as the residual.

True
False

If the dependent variable is a continuous variable but we want to test each subject twice, for example, before and after a particular treatment, we call this a ___________

paired sample
independent sample
continuous distribution
binomial sample

What does the SQL SELECT statement do?

Updates data in the database
Deletes data from the database
Retrieves data from the database
Creates a new table

How can you filter rows using the WHERE clause?

GROUP BY
ORDER BY
HAVING
WHERE

Which statement is used to group data in SQL?

ORDER BY
GROUP BY
SELECT BY
FILTER BY

What does the GROUP BY statement allow you to do?

Update records in a group
Delete groups
Perform calculations on groups
Sort data within groups

When using the SELECT statement to eliminate duplicate rows from the result, which keyword is used?

EXCLUDE DUPLICATES
DISTINCT
UNIQUE
REMOVE DUPLICATES

Which of the following functions can be used to count the number of non-NULL values in a column?

COUNT(*)
SUM()
AVG()
COUNT()

What does the CASE statement allow you to do in SQL?

Rename columns in the result
Filter rows based on conditions
Perform calculations on columns
Conditional transformations

In a SELECT query, how can you handle NULL values using the COALESCE function?

Replace NULL with a specified value
Remove NULL values
Convert NULL to 0
Rename NULL as 'N/A'

When using an INNER JOIN in SQL, which condition is used to join the tables?

WHERE
ON
AND
JOIN

How can you filter grouped data using the HAVING clause?

BEFORE
BETWEEN
AFTER
HAVING

Which SQL operator is used to filter data based on a list of values?

LIKE
NOT IN
BETWEEN
IN

When using the INNER JOIN clause, if a row in one table doesn’t have a matching row in the other table, what happens?

The JOIN operation fails and returns an error
The unmatched row is ignored
The unmatched row is included as NULL
The unmatched row is deleted

Which SQL keyword is used to combine the results of two or more SELECT statements into a single result set?

COMBINE
JOIN
UNION
MERGE

What is the purpose of a Common Table Expression (CTE) in SQL?

To update records in a table
To create temporary tables
To simplify and organize complex queries
To delete rows

Which SQL join operator returns all rows from both tables and combines rows when there’s a match?

INNER JOIN
LEFT JOIN
RIGHT JOIN
FULL OUTER JOIN

In an SQL query, which join type returns only the unmatched rows from the left table and the matched rows from the right table?

INNER JOIN
RIGHT JOIN
LEFT JOIN
OUTER JOIN

Which SQL clause is used to sort the result set in ascending or descending order?

GROUP BY
SORT BY
ORDER BY
FILTER BY

What Excel function is used to add a range of values?

SUM()
AVERAGE()
COUNT()
MAX()

How can you apply conditional formatting to highlight cells that meet a specific condition?

Using the "Sort" option
Using the "Filter" option
Using the "Conditional Formatting" menu
Using the "Data Validation" option

What type of Excel object is used to summarize and analyze data from a table?

Charts
Macros
Pivot Tables
Forms

What Excel function can be used to retrieve information from a different worksheet based on a key value?

LOOKUP()
SEARCH()
VLOOKUP()
HLOOKUP()

Which type of graph is suitable for displaying the distribution of a dataset, such as frequency of scores?

Line Chart
Bar Chart
Pie Chart
Histogram

What is the purpose of data validation in Excel?

To restrict data entry to certain values or rules
To validate formulas
To analyze data trends
To generate random data

What Excel function is used to concatenate or combine text from different cells into a single cell?

COMBINE()
CONCATENATE()
MERGE()
CONVERT()

How can you create a basic line chart in Excel to show the trend of data over time?

By selecting the "3D Chart" option
By selecting the "Stacked Chart" option
By selecting the "Line Chart" option
By selecting the "Bar Chart" option

In Excel, what is the purpose of the “Freeze Panes” feature?

To lock the workbook from editing
To create a template for future use
To split the worksheet into sections
To keep certain rows or columns visible while scrolling

Which Excel function can be used to find the maximum value in a range of cells?

MAXIMUM()
MAX()
HIGHEST()
HIGH()

What is the primary purpose of the “Group” feature in Excel’s Data tab?

To encrypt data for security
To highlight specific cells
To combine cells with the same value
To organize and summarize data

How can you protect an Excel worksheet from unauthorized edits or changes?

By using a password when saving the workbook
By locking specific cells and protecting the worksheet
By creating a backup file
By restricting access to the computer

What is the purpose of using the VLOOKUP() function in Excel?

To format cells with custom colors
To calculate complex formulas
To perform data validation checks
To retrieve data from a table based on a key

How can you create a bar chart in Excel to compare values across different categories?

By selecting the "Line Chart" option
By selecting the "Bar Chart" option
By selecting the "Pie Chart" option
By selecting the "Stacked Chart" option

What type of data can be validated using the “Data Validation” feature in Excel?

Only numeric values
Only text values
Any type of data, including numeric, text, and dates
Only Boolean values

In Power BI Desktop, which section is used to design and customize visualizations in your report?

Model View
Data View
Visualization View
Query Editor

What is the primary purpose of Power Query in Power BI?

Data visualization
Creating dashboards
Data loading and transformation
Model creation

After creating a report in Power BI Desktop, how can you share it with others for viewing and interaction?

Export the report as a PDF or image
Publish it to Power BI Service
Print it
Attach it to an email

Which feature allows you to combine data from multiple sources, transform it, and load it into Power BI?

Data Concatenation
Data Linking
Data Merge
Power Query

In Power BI Service, what is the primary purpose of creating a dashboard?

To perform complex data analysis
To create visually appealing reports
To share insights and KPIs
To design data models

When you publish a Power BI report to Power BI Service, what term is used to describe the published version of the report?

Snapshot
Version
Iteration
Workspace

In Power Query, what transformation is used to remove duplicate rows from a dataset?

De-duplication
Duplicate Elimination
Remove Duplicates
Data Distinct

Which feature in Power Query allows you to analyze the quality and structure of your data to identify potential issues?

Data Investigator
Data Checker
Data Profiler
Data Scrutinizer

How can you create a new calculated column in Power Query based on existing columns and custom expressions?

Using the "Add Calculated Column" button
Editing the source data directly
Utilizing the "Calculate()" function
Using the "Add Column" menu and specifying a formula

What is the process of combining two or more datasets into a single dataset in Power Query called?

Unification
Concatenation
Merging
Blending

What function is commonly used to create a calculated table in DAX that filters data from an existing table based on a condition?

FILTER()
SELECTCOLUMNS()
SUMMARIZE()
ADDROWS()

How can you create a measure in DAX that calculates the sum of the “Sales” column in your dataset?

Using the CALCULATE() function with SUM()
Using the AGGREGATE() function
Using the COUNT() function
Using the TOTAL() function

What is the purpose of using variables in DAX expressions?

To create calculated columns
To store and manage intermediate values
To hide sensitive data
To improve DAX performance

How can you establish a relationship between two tables in Power BI to link their data?

By using the "Link Tables" function
By importing tables together
By creating a relationship in the "Manage Relationships" dialog
By adding foreign keys

What is the purpose of creating a date table like “CalendarAuto” in Power BI?

To display upcoming events
To provide a list of holidays
To facilitate date-based calculations
To sort dates in ascending order

How can you add descriptions to tables and columns in Power BI to provide more context for users?

By embedding notes in the report
By using comments in DAX
By using the "Table Properties" dialog
By using text boxes in visuals

What is the purpose of creating calculated columns in Power BI?

To summarize numerical data
To perform complex data transformations
To store custom calculations
To filter rows in a table

Final Quiz – Core Modules

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